Sunday 2 December 2012

SPECIFIC RESOURCES FOR BACHILLERATO,IDIOMS, USEFUL WEBSITES AND MORE



 



1.- MISCELANEA
2.- SOME IDIOMS...
3-  QUANTIFIERS
4.- PREPOSITIONS

5.- CONNECTORS/LINKERS
6.-  FALSE FRIENDS
7.-  PAU WRITINGS. Useful guidelines 
 &   PAU INFORMATION & EXAMS 


8.- A lot of links to interesting websites



1.- MISCELANEA:


Would you like to send an SMS in English? Here is a list with useful characters and their meanings:
  • & - and
  • 0 - nothing
  • 2 - two, to, too
  • 2DAY - today
  • A - a / an
  • B - be
  • B4 - before
  • BC - because
  • BF - boyfriend
  • BK - back
  • BRO - brother
  • BT - but
  • C - see
  • D8 - date
  • DNR - dinner
  • EZ - easy
  • F8 - fate
  • GF - girlfriend
  • GR8 - great
  • HOLS - holidays
  • HV - have
  • I - I, it
  • Its - it is
  • KDS - kids
  • L8 - late
  • L8R - later
  • M8 - mate
  • NE1 - anyone
  • PLS - please
  • PS - parents
  • QT - cutie
  • R - are
  • SIS - sister
  • SKOOL - school
  • SMMR - summer
  • U - you
  • WR - were
  • A3 - anyplace, anytime, anywhere
  • ASAP - as soon as possible
  • B4N - Bye for now
  • BAU - business as usual
  • BRB - I'll be right back.
  • BTW - by the way
  • CUL - see you later
  • CWOT - complete waste of time
  • FTF - face to face
  • FYI - for your information
  • GMTA - great minds think alike
  • HAND - have a nice day
  • HRU - how are you
  • ICBW - it could be worse
  • IDTS - I don't think so
  • IMHO - in my humble opinion
  • IYKWIM - if you know what I mean
  • JK - just kidding
  • KOTC - kiss on the cheek
  • LOL - laughing out loud
  • LSKOL - long slow kiss on the lips
  • LTNS - long time no see
  • Luv U - I love you.
  • Luv U2 - I love you too.
  • MON - the middle of nowhere
  • MTE - my thoughts exactly
  • MU - I miss you.
  • MUSM - I miss you so much.
  • NP - no problem
  • OIC - oh, I see
  • PC&QT - peace and quiet
  • PCM - please call me
  • ROTFL - rolling on the floor laughing
  • RUOK - are you ok?
  • THNQ - thank you
  • U4E - you forever
  • UROK - you are okay
  • WUCIWUG - what you see is what you get
  • WYSIWYG - what you see is what you get
  • XLNT - exellent
  • :-) smiling
  • :-* kiss
  • :-)) very happy
  • :-0 shocked
  • :") blushing
  • :-| :-| deja vu
  • (_x_) kiss my arse/butt
  • <:3 )~ mouse
  • :@) pig
  • :’-) tears of laughter
  • :-P stick tongue out
  • :-(*) you make me sick
  • x-( you are mad
  • :-" whistling
  • ;-) wink
  • :-@ screaming
  • O:-) saintly


1.c.- IRREGULAR VERBS TESTS & QUIZZES

To practise your irregular verbs

IRREGULAR VERBS LIST
INFINITIVE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE MEANING 
Be was/were been ser, estar
Become became become llegar a ser, convertirse
Begin began begun empezar, comenzar
Bring brought brought traer, llevar
Build built built construir
Buy bought bought comprar
Can could been able (to) poder, saber, ser capaz
Catch caught caught coger, atrapar
Choose chose chosen elegir, escoger
Come came come venir
Cost cost cost costar
Do did done hacer
Draw drew drawn dibujar
Drink drank drunk beber
Drive drove driven conducir
Dwell dwelt/dwelled dwelt/dwelled habitar
Eat ate eaten comer
Fall fell fallen caer
Feed fed fed alimentar
Find found found encontrar
Fly flew flown volar, pilotar
Get got got obtener, conseguir
Give gave given dar
Go went gone ir
Have had had tener, haber
Hear heard heard oír, escuchar
Hit hit hit golpear
Hold held held sostener, agarrar
Keep kept kept mantener, seguir ( haciendo )
Know knew known saber, conocer
Learn learnt learnt aprender
Leave left left marcharse, abandonar
Lose lost lost perder
Make made made hacer, fabricar
Mean meant meant significar, querer decir
Meet met met conocer, encontrarse con algu
Put put put poner, colocar
Read read read leer
Run ran run correr
Say said said decir
See saw seen ver
Send sent sent enviar
Shoot shot shot disparar
Sing sang sung cantar
Sit sat sat sentarse
Sleep slept slept dormir
Speak spoke spoken hablar
Spell spelt/spelled spelt/spelled deletrear
Spend spent spent pasar (tiempo), gastar (dinero)
Spin spun spun girar, dar vueltas
Stand stood stood permanecer, estar de pie
Stick stuck stuck pegar(se)
Swim swam swum nadar
Swing swung swung balancearse, columpiarse
Take took taken coger, llevar
Tell told told decir, contar
Think thought thought pensar, creer
Understand understood understood entender, comprender
Wear wore worn usar( ropa ), llevar puesto
Win won won ganar
Write wrote written escribir
2.- SOME IDIOMS...

Algunas expresiones y frases agrupadas por palabras claves

(A contribution by Ángela López)
as as a rule / as usual / as a matter of fact / …
at at a loss / at least / at large / at length / …
beyond beyond question / beyond doubt / …
by by all means / by and large / by chance / …
down down and out / down to earth / …
for for certain / for free / for good / for once / …
from from now on / from scratch / from side to side / …
in in a hurry / in advance / in abeyance / in brief / …
of of age / of late / of course / of benefit / …
off off and on / off duty / off guard / off season / …
on on and on / on behalf of / on duty / on foot / …
out out and about / out cold / out of breath / out of hand / …
over over and over / over the hill / over the top / …
so so far / so long / so much / so to speak / …
to to and fro / to date / to some extent / to the letter / …
under under arrest / under control / under the counter / …
up up and around / up and away / up front / up in years / …
when when least expected / when the chips are down / …

Algunas expresiones y frases agrupadas por verbos claves

to be to be on the carpet / to be slow on the uptake / …
to beat to beat around the bush / to beat the rap / …
to bite to bite the bullet / to bite the dust / …
to blow to blow a fuse / to blow the lid off / …
to break to beak even / to break loose / to break the news / …
to bring to bring down the house / to bring home the bacon / …
to call to call a spade a spade / to call it a day / …
to carry to carry the ball / to carry the torch for / …
to cast to cast doubt on / to cast the first stone / …
to catch to catch red-handed / to catch off guard / …
to come to come alive / to come clean / to come to an end / …
to cut to cut class / to cut corners / to cut the chase / …
to do to do a double take / to do one's duty / to do the trick / …
to draw to draw fire / to draw a blank / to draw the line / …
to drop to drop a bombshell / to drop a line / to drop a brick / …
to eat to eat crow / to eat dirt / to eat one's words / …
to fall to fall asleep / to fall in love / to fall into place / …
to get to get a break / to get a grasp of / to get a raw deal / …
to give to give birth to / to give chase / to give rise to / …
to go to go astray / to go broke / go at it / to go bad / …
to hang to hang loose / to hang tough / to hang by a thread / …
to have to have a big mouth / to have a word with / …
to hold to hold a grudge against / to hold court / to hold good / …
to jump to jump all over someone / to jump the gun / …
to keep to keep a stright face / keep one's cool / …
to lay to lay an egg / to lay low / to lay waste to / …
to let to let off steam / to let bygones be bygones / …
to lose to lose face / to lose one's cool / to lose heart / …
to make to make a fuss / to make a fool / to make a killing / …
to pay to pay one's dues / to pay through the nose / …
to play to play fair / to play hooky / to play it safe / …
to pull to pull a boner / to pull oneself together / …
to put to put an end to / put on airs / to put the blame on / …
to run to run a risk of / run an errand / to run low on / …
to set to set fire to / set one`s mind at rest / to set sail / …
to stand to stand a chance of / to stand to reason / …
to take to take place / to take a bow / to take pride in / …
to throw to throw a fit / to throw in the towel / …
to turn turn a blind eye to / to turn one's back on / …

You scratch my back, and I’ll scratch yours – Hoy por mí, mañana por ti
For foolish talk, deaf ears – A palabras necias, oídos sordos
The early bird catches the worm – A quien madruga, Dios le ayuda
To beat around the bush – Andarse por las ramas
Bottoms up! – Arriba, abajo, al centro, y para adentro
To each his own – Cada oveja con su pareja
Money talks – Con dinero baila hasta el perro
When the cat’s away, the mice will play – Cuando el gato se sale, los ratones se pasean
Where there’s smoke, there’s fire – Cuando el río suena, agua lleva
From now on – De aquí en adelante
Easier said than done – Del dicho a hecho hay mucho trecho
He who lives by the sword, shall die by the sword – Quien a hierro mata a hierro muere
As quick as a wink – En menos que canta un gallo
The sooner, the better – Cuanto antes, mejor
He’s just a bag full of surprises – Ser una caja de sorpresas
Never judge a book by its cover – Las apariencias engañan
A bad penny always turns up again – Mala hierba nunca muere
Easy does it! – Despacito y buena letra
All talk, no action – Mucho ruido y pocas nueces
To play stupid – Navegar con bandera de tonto
Never say never – Nunca digas de esta agua no beberé
Out of sight, out of mind – Ojos que no ven, corazón que no siente
To hit the sack – Planchar oreja
Where there’s a will, there’s a way – Querer es poder
He met his match – Encontrar a su media naranja
I misjudged you: you let me down on the first try – Salir rana


 

3.- QUANTIFIERS.
  
Examples of quantifiers
With Uncountable Nouns
·         much
·         a little/little/very little *
·         a bit (of)
·         a great deal of
·         a large amount of
·         a large quantity of 
With Both
·         all
·         enough
·         more/most
·         less/least
·         no/none
·         not any
·         some
·         any
·         a lot of
·         lots of
·         plenty of
With Countable Nouns
·         many
·         a few/few/very few **
·         a number (of)
·         several
·         a large number of
·         a great number of
·         a majority of
* NOTE
few, very few mean that there is not enough of something.
a few means that there is not a lot of something, but there is enough
** NOTE
little, very little mean that there is not enough of something.
a little means that there is not a lot of something, but there is enough.
TOO MUC/ MANY (NOT) ENOUGH
too + adjective or adverb
too much/many + noun
too much/many + of + pronoun/determiner

adjective or adverb + enough
enough + noun
enough + of + pronoun/determiner





http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/vocabulary/much-many/exercises?04

http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-exercise-many-lot.php

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises_list/mengen.htm



 I. In the following sentences, fill in the gaps with one of the following quantifiers:
    much, many
a. It seems to me that we've had assignments in English this term.
b. How material can we be expected to read in one week?
c. books are not in the library.
d. I've had headaches already because of stress.
e. depression can be attributed to being overworked.


III. In the following sentences, fill in the gaps with one of the following quantifiers:
    much, many, few, little, most.
When you've gotten all the answers right, see if you can substitute other quantifiers from the list. (HINT: Three of the last four sentences could have two different answers.)
a. Our yard looks awful this summer. There are too weeds.
b. I didn't use fertilizer last spring, and that has made a difference.
c. Also, I've paid attention to how rain we've had.
d. I'm afraid it's rained times this summer, and the grass is turning brown and dying.
e. experts say you should fertilize your lawn in the fall.
f. It didn't seem to do my lawn good.
g. advice you get from experts doesn't seem to help.
h. of my neighbors ignore their grass, and they have better lawns this year.

IV. In the following sentences, fill in the gaps with one of the following quantifiers:
    a little, little, a few, few.
Again, when you've gotten all the answers correct, go back and try substituting other quantifiers. (HINT: Three of the four can have more than one correct response.)
a. They say knowledge is a bad thing.
b. I know instances where that proves true.
c. people know as much about computers as Tomasz does.
d. But it does him good when the whole system goes down.

 Answers here:

 http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/quizzes/cross/quantifiers2.htm


  
1. How ______ people are you expecting?
2. How ______ money do you want for this?
3. I don't see ______ point in continuing. We're all very tired.
4. Thank you so ______ for your help.
5. We don't stock these. We don't get ______ demand for them.
6. I feel ______ better today, thank you.
7. I like that dress very ______ .
8. There are so ______ things I want to ask you.
9. There are too ______ paintings to see in one visit.
10. I'm talking too ______ . I'll be quiet.
11. I've got so ______ news to tell you.
12. Do you have ______ work to do?
13. Thank you very ______ for coming.
14. It looks good but so ______ things could still go wrong.
15. I don't have ______ friends.
16. Please be quick. I don't have ______ time to spare.
17. It's been a poor summer. We haven't had ______ good weather.
18. There haven't been ______ sunny days.
19. Happy birthday. ______ happy returns!
20. I don't know ______ about English but I am learning fa

 Answers here:
 
 http://www.better-english.com/easier/much.htm




 How much / How many
Make questions with How much / How many. Add punctuation.(?)
  1. tins of tuna / we / need
http://elt.oup.com/images/elt/adultlist/exercise_transparent.gif
  1. milk / you / want / in your tea?
http://elt.oup.com/images/elt/adultlist/exercise_transparent.gif
  1. bars of chocolate / they eat / each week
http://elt.oup.com/images/elt/adultlist/exercise_transparent.gif
  1. cakes / she / make / for the party yesterday
http://elt.oup.com/images/elt/adultlist/exercise_transparent.gif
  1. coffee / your father / drink every day
http://elt.oup.com/images/elt/adultlist/exercise_transparent.gif
  1. cat food / you / buy / at the supermarket yesterday
 Answers: http://elt.oup.com/student/project3rdedition/level2/unit4/grammar/exercise3?cc=us&selLanguage=en




Too, too much,too many,enough

Complete the sentences with too,too much,too many, enough.
1. Ken is always at home. He doesn't go out
2. I don't like the weather here . There is rain
3. You are always tired.I think you work hard
4. You drink coffee. It's not good for you
5. I can't wait for them. I haven't got time
6. There was nowhere to sit on the beach. There were people
7. Our team didn't play well. We made mistakes
8. I don't like the weather here. It's cold
9. Dear friends, did you have to eat? Yes, thank you
10. You don't eat fruit, you should eat some more.


Answers: http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-6980.php


QUANTIFIERS  ADVANCED LEVEL GRAMMAR
A guide to using quantifiers in English .
 Definition
Quantifiers are a type of determiner which denote imprecise quantity. They differ from numbers or numerals which indicate precise quantity.
The most common examples:
the most common quantifiers used in English are:
some / any ,  much, many, a lot, a few, several, enough.
There are three types of quantifier;
1. neutral quantifiers,
2. quantifiers of large quantity, and
3. quantifiers of small quantity

1. Neutral quantifiers:
     Some and any: several, a number of,  etc.
Some and any are both quantifiers and articles. In many contexts, some is the plural indefinite article, the plural of "a" or "an"; but more often, some implies a limited quantity, and for this reason has the value of a quantifier.
Some is used in affirmative statements; it is replaced with any in negative and interrogative contexts. 
 Examples:
      I've got some apples in my basket and some water in my bottle.
     I haven't got any apples in my basket, nor any water in my bottle.
     Have you got any apples in your basket? Have you got any water in your bottle?
     We had some visitors last weekend, but we didn't have any this weekend
     Have you got any rooms free for the night of September 30th ?
Several and a number of  imply "more than one, but less than a lot". They are not usually used in negative or interrogative structures, only in affirmative statements. For example
     There are several books / a number of books by J.Z.Plummerman in our library.
     Several people / A number of people said that they'd seen the missing child.
Enough 
Enough implies a sufficient quantity; it is used in affirmations, negations and questions.
We can get tickets for the concert, I've got enough money now.
Have you got enough money for the tickets?
NOTE: do not confuse enough as a quantifier preceeding a noun, with enough as an intensifier following an adjective, as in:
    That's good enough for me.

2. Large quantity quantifiers: 
     much, many, lots of, plenty of, numerous, a large number of, etc.
► Much and many: much is used with non count nouns (always in the singular); many is used with count nouns in the plural. (Click here for the difference between count nouns and non-count nouns).
     IMPORTANT NOTE: Much and many are not often used, in modern spoken English, in affirmative statements; but they are very commonly used in interrogative and negative contexts. 
 Examples:

I have many reasons for thinking that this man is innocent is acceptable, but rather formal; most English speakers would more naturally say:
   I have plenty of / a lot of / a large number of reasons for thinking .....
Much whisky is of very good quality. This sentence is technically acceptable, but not probable in modern English. Most people would say (and write):
   A lot of whisky / A good proportion of whisky / Plenty of whisky ......
Remember this principle: don't use much or many in affirmative statements. 
► Lots of, a lot of, plenty of, a large number of, numerous .
These expressions all mean  more or less exactly the same. In the list above, they are arranged in order of formality, going from the most informal (lots of) to the most formal (numerous). Informal language is more appropriate in dialogue, formal language in written documents.

3. Small quantity quantifiers: 
 ►    few, a few, little, a little, not many, not much, a small number of, etc.
These quantifiers are normally only used in affirmative statements, to which they give a negative colouring.
► Little, a little, not much are used with non count nouns (always in the singular)
       Few, a few, not many are used with count nouns in the plural.
Examples:
Few people can speak more than three languages
A few (of the) paintings in this gallery are really good.
There's little point in trying to mend it. You'll never succeed!
I've got a little money left; let's go and have a drink.

4 Recapitulation: table of usage for common English quantifiers
Affirmative
Negative
Interrogative
Neutral
some, several, a number of, enough
any, enough
any, enough
Large quantity
numerous, plenty of, a lot of, lots of, too many
much, many, too many
much, many, too many
Small quantity
few / a few, Little / a little


5. Few or a few,  little or a little ?
The difference between the two expressions in each phrase is purely one of meaning, not of usage.
Without the article, few and little (used respectively with count nouns and non-count nouns) have the meaning of "not much/ not many, and possibly less than one might hope for or expect".  These expressions have a negative value to them.
   With the article, a few and a little have the meaning of  "at least some, perhaps more than one might expect" . These expressions have a positive value.

Examples:

Few of my friends were there, so I was disappointed.
A few of my friends were there, so I was quite happy.
Hurry up; there's little time left !
We have a little time to spare, so let's stop and have a cup of coffee.

GRAMMAR SUMMARIZED 
Quantifiers
 
We use quantifiers when we want to give someone information about the number of something: how much or how many.
Sometimes we use a quantifier in the place of a determiner:
Most children start school at the age of five.
We ate some bread and butter.
We saw lots of birds.
We use these quantifiers with both count and uncount nouns:
all
any
enough
less
a lot of
lots of
more
most
no
none of
some
and some more colloquial forms:
plenty of
heaps of
a load of
loads of
tons of
 etc.
Some quantifiers can be used only with count nouns:
both
each
either
(a) few
fewer
neither
several
and some more colloquial forms:
a couple of
hundreds of
thousands of
etc.
Some quantifiers can be used only with uncount nouns:
a little
(not) much
a bit of
And, particularly with abstract nouns such as time, money, trouble, etc:, we often use:
a great deal of
a good deal of
Members of groups
You can put a noun after a quantifier when you are talking about members of a group in general…
Few snakes are dangerous.
Both brothers work with their father.
I never have enough money.
…but if you are talking about a specific group of people or things, use of the … as well
Few of the snakes are dangerous.
All of the children live at home.
He has spent all of his money.
Note that, if we are talking about two people or things we use the quantifiers both, either and neither:
One supermarket
Two supermarkets*
More than two supermarkets
The supermarket was closed
The supermarket wasn't open
I don’t think the supermarket was open.
Both the supermarkets were closed.
Neither of the supermarkets was open.
I don’t think either of the supermarkets was open.
All the supermarkets were closed
None of the supermarkets were open
I don't think any of the supermarkets were open
*Nouns with either and neither have a singular verb.

Singular quantifiers:
We use every or each with a singular noun to mean all:
There was a party in every street.
 =
There were parties in all the streets.
Every shop was decorated with flowers.
 =
All the shops were decorated with flowers.
Each child was given a prize.
 =
All the children were given a prize.
There was a prize in each competition.
 =
There were prizes in all the competitions.
We often use every to talk about times like days, weeks and years:
When we were children we had holidays at our grandmother’s every year.
When we stayed at my grandmother’s house we went to the beach every day.
We visit our daughter every Christmas.
BUT: We do not use a determiner with every and each. We do not say:
The every shop was decorated with flowers.
The each child was given a prize.
  EXERCISES
Choose the correct quantifier.
  1. They have had homework in mathematics recently.
  2. How time do you need to finish the work?
  3. There are too students in the library.
  4. Have you visited foreign country?
  5. Although he's very ill, he didn't take medicine.
  6. people know as much about linguistics as John does.
  7. They say knowledge is a dangerous thing.
  8. He's having  of trouble passing his driving test.
  9. I spend of my time reading novels.
  10. He knows English. He knows enough English to manage.
Answers: http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-exercise-quantifiers.php

Exercise 1:
Complete the following exercise with LITTLE or A LITTLE, FEW or A FEW.
1 – He was sad because he had ___________ friends.
2 – Contrary to my wife I only need ___________ minutes to get ready in the morning.
3 – A hundred years ago, ___________ teenagers could read and write in this country.
4 – All she wanted was ___________ love and happiness.
5 – I think I'll manage with ___________ help from my friends.
6 – It is ___________ use trying to learn all the irregular verbs.
7 – Sheila drank ___________ coffee and no alcohol.
8 – Death is one of the ________ things that can be done as easily lying down. (W. Allen)
Exercise 2:
In each gap, write either "MUCH" or "LITTLE" or "MANY" or "FEW".
When we got to the beach, ___________ people were already there, and we couldn't find
a place to sit down.
There were a ___________ empty spaces near one end of the beach, but they were a
long way from the sea.
We walked along the beach for a ___________ while, but we didn't have ___________
fun because we kept bumping into people.
Finally, we decided to get back in the car and go down the coast to the next beach.
This was much better; there were only a ___________ families on the beach, so there
was ___________ more room to spread out our things.
Because we had eaten so ___________ food in the car, all we wanted to do was lie
down, and after a ___________ minutes we were all dozing happily in the sun.
Exercise 3:
Choose the best answer:
1. Mathematics is a subject I know very …….... of.
A FEW
FEW
A LITTLE
LITTLE
2. She's gone already? But I am only ......... minutes late!
A FEW
FEW
A LITTLE
LITTLE
3. "Give that beggar ......... extra money", the old man said.
A FEW
FEW
A LITTLE
LITTLE
4. ......... people can live without money!
A FEW
FEW
A LITTLE
LITTLE
Exercise 4:
Choose MUCH or MANY:
1. Not much / many people understand his ideas.
2. How much / many does it cost to fly from Paris to London?
3. How much / many brothers and sisters do you have?
4. How much / many water do we need to drink every day?
5. How much / many mistakes did you make on this little test?
© W. B. F. L. - www.ispilledthebeans.com -


4.-   PREPOSITIONS

Prepositions – Time

English Usage Example
  • on
  • days of the week
  • on Monday
  • in
  • months / seasons
  • time of day
  • year
  • after a certain period of time (when?)
  • in August / in winter
  • in the morning
  • in 2006
  • in an hour
  • at
  • for night
  • for weekend
  • a certain point of time (when?)
  • at night
  • at the weekend
  • at half past nine
  • since
  • from a certain point of time (past till now)
  • since 1980
  • for
  • over a certain period of time (past till now)
  • for 2 years
  • ago
  • a certain time in the past
  • 2 years ago
  • before
  • earlier than a certain point of time
  • before 2004
  • to
  • telling the time
  • ten to six (5:50)
  • past
  • telling the time
  • ten past six (6:10)
  • to / till / until
  • marking the beginning and end of a period of time
  • from Monday to/till Friday
  • till / until
  • in the sense of how long something is going to last
  • He is on holiday until Friday.
  • by
  • in the sense of at the latest
  • up to a certain time
  • I will be back by 6 o’clock.
  • By 11 o'clock, I had read five pages.

Prepositions – Place (Position and Direction)

English Usage Example
  • in
  • room, building, street, town, country
  • book, paper etc.
  • car, taxi
  • picture, world
  • in the kitchen, in London
  • in the book
  • in the car, in a taxi
  • in the picture, in the world
  • at
  • meaning next to, by an object
  • for table
  • for events
  • place where you are to do something typical (watch a film, study, work)
  • at the door, at the station
  • at the table
  • at a concert, at the party
  • at the cinema, at school, at work
  • on
  • attached
  • for a place with a river
  • being on a surface
  • for a certain side (left, right)
  • for a floor in a house
  • for public transport
  • for television, radio
  • the picture on the wall
  • London lies on the Thames.
  • on the table
  • on the left
  • on the first floor
  • on the bus, on a plane
  • on TV, on the radio
  • by, next to, beside
  • left or right of somebody or something
  • Jane is standing by / next to / beside the car.
  • under
  • on the ground, lower than (or covered by) something else
  • the bag is under the table
  • below
  • lower than something else but above ground
  • the fish are below the surface
  • over
  • covered by something else
  • meaning more than
  • getting to the other side (also across)
  • overcoming an obstacle
  • put a jacket over your shirt
  • over 16 years of age
  • walk over the bridge
  • climb over the wall
  • above
  • higher than something else, but not directly over it
  • a path above the lake
  • across
  • getting to the other side (also over)
  • getting to the other side
  • walk across the bridge
  • swim across the lake
  • through
  • something with limits on top, bottom and the sides
  • drive through the tunnel
  • to
  • movement to person or building
  • movement to a place or country
  • for bed
  • go to the cinema
  • go to London / Ireland
  • go to bed
  • into
  • enter a room / a building
  • go into the kitchen / the house
  • towards
  • movement in the direction of something (but not directly to it)
  • go 5 steps towards the house
  • onto
  • movement to the top of something
  • jump onto the table
  • from
  • in the sense of where from
  • a flower from the garden

Other important Prepositions

English Usage Example
  • from
  • who gave it
  • a present from Jane
  • of
  • who/what does it belong to
  • what does it show
  • a page of the book
  • the picture of a palace
  • by
  • who made it
  • a book by Mark Twain
  • on
  • walking or riding on horseback
  • entering a public transport vehicle
  • on foot, on horseback
  • get on the bus
  • in
  • entering a car  / Taxi
  • get in the car
  • off
  • leaving a public transport vehicle
  • get off the train
  • out of
  • leaving a car  / Taxi
  • get out of the taxi
  • by
  • rise or fall of something
  • travelling (other than walking or horseriding)
  • prices have risen by 10 percent
  • by car, by bus
  • at
  • for age
  • she learned Russian at 45
  • about
  • for topics, meaning what about
  • we were talking about you

Exercises on Prepositions

(IF YOU HAVE ANY PROBLEMS WITH THESE LINK

 GO TO   http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepositions )





PREPOSITIONS GAMES:
http://www.eslgamesplus.com/prepositions-of-place-esl-fun-game-online-grammar-practice/
(Preposition of Place EASY)
http://www.better-english.com/grammar/prepositions.htm  Test
http://www.englishmedialab.com/GrammarGames/football/prepositions
/prepostions%20penalty%20game.html   Preposition game medium
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepositions



 LOTS OF EXERCISES AT:




5.- CONNECTORS/LINKERS

 Los conectores o conjunciones son palabras que usamos para unir dos o más frases o dos palabras dentro de la misma oración. Aquí tienes los conectores más comunes agrupados en categorías.
Copulativos and, not only … but also …, not only … but … as well, both … and …, no sooner … than
Disyuntivos or, either … or …, neither … nor …, whether … or …, else, otherwise
Condicionales if, whether, unless, provided, providing, as long as, in case, in case of
Concesivos although, though, even though, even if, despite, in spite of, not even if, regardless of
Conclusivos therefore, hence, thus, so, consequently
Continuativos then, moreover, furthermore, besides, in addition to
Adversativos but, however, nonetheless, yet, still, on the other hand, instead, instead of, on the contrary
Causales because, for, because of, as a result of, due to, owing to, since, as
Comparativos as, as … as …, not as … as …, not so … as …, just as … so …, as if, as though
Funcionales so, so that, so as to, so as not to, in order to


Connectors again...

Sentence Connectors

Cause and Effect

Sentence Connectors - showing Cause / Effect

Once you have mastered
Type of Connector
Connector(s)
Examples
Coordinating conjunctions
for (cause), so (effect)
Professionals can sometimes be extremely impatient, for their positions are at times rather stressful.
Subordinating conjunctions
because, since
Since high level positions are at times rather stressful, professionals can sometimes be extremely impatient.
Conjunctive adverbs
therefore, as a result, consequently
High level positions are at times rather stressful; therefore, professionals can sometimes be extremely impatient.
Prepositions
because of, due to, as a result of
Due to the stressful nature of high level positions, professionals can sometimes be extremely impatient

Addition

Sentence Connectors - Showing Addition

Type of Connector
Connector(s)
Examples
Coordinating Conjunction
and
High level positions are stressful at times, and can be harmful to your health.
Conjunctive adverbs
in addition, additionally, furthermore, moreover, also
High level positions are stressful at times; furthermore, they can be harmful to your health
Correlative conjunctions
not only...but also
Not only are high level positions stressful at times, but they also can be harmful to your health.
Prepositional phrases
in addition to, along with, as well as
Along with being stressful, high level positions can also be harmful to your health.

Opposition
Type of Connector
Connector(s)
Examples
Coordinating conjunction
but
High level positions are stressful at times, but professionals can learn to manage their stress levels.
Subordinating conjunctions
although, despite the fact that
Despite the fact that high level positions are stressful at times, professionals can learn to manage their stress levels.
Conjunctive adverbs
however, nevertheless
High level positions are stressful at times; nevertheless, professionals can learn to manage their stress levels.
Prepositional phrases
despite, in spite of
In spite of the stressful nature of high level positions, professionals can learn to manage their stress levels.

Comparison

Sentence Connectors - Showing Comparison

.
Type of Connector
Connector(s)
Examples
Coordinating Conjunction
and...too
High level positions are stressful, and can be harmful to your health too.
Subordinating conjunction
just as
Just as high level positions are stressful, they can be harmful to your health.
Conjunctive adverbs
similarly, in comparison
High level positions are stressful at times; similarly, they can be harmful to your health.
Prepositions
like, similar to
Similar to other important professions, high level business positions are stressful at times.


Contrast

Sentence Connectors - Showing Contrast

Once you have mastered the basics of correct usage in written English, you will want to express yourself in increasingly complex ways. One of the best ways to improve your writing style is to use sentence connectors. Sentence connectors are used to express relationships between ideas and to combine sentences. The use of these connectors will add sophistication to your writing style.
Type of Connector
Connector(s)
Examples
Coordinating conjunction
but
High level positions are stressful at times, but the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed.
Subordinating conjunctions
whereas, while
While high level positions are stressful at times, the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed.
Conjunctive adverbs
in contrast, on the other hand
High level positions are stressful at times; on the other hand, the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed.
Prepositions
unlike
Unlike the undesirable stress of high level positions, the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indee


Condition

Sentence Connectors - Showing Condition

Type of Connector
Connector(s)
Examples
Subordinating conjunctions
if, unless, only if, even if
If you consider the financial rewards of high level positions, the stressful nature of these positions becomes less important.
Conjunctive adverb
otherwise
You should remember the financial rewards of high level positions; otherwise, you might find the stressful nature of these positions too demanding.

Aquí encontraréis una lista inmensa de conectores Inglés-Español

http://heptagrama.com/connectors-glossary.htm


in other words...


In spite of / despite = A pesar de
In spite of/Despite the late hour, they went on with the meeting
He arrived on time in spite of/despite getting up late.
Although, though, even though, in spite of the fact that = Aunque
Although/Though/ Even though / In spite of the fact that the pupils had
not studied as hard as they could, they all passed their exams.
However, Nevertheless, Even so = Sin embargo
She was quite ill. However/ Nevertheless/Even so, she went to school.
On the one hand...............On the other hand = Por una parte........por otra parte
On the one hand, the beach is fun. On the other hand, I don´t like the sand.
On the contrary = Al contrario
“I thought you liked classical music.” “On the contrary, I hate it.”
While, whereas = mientras
This soap opera is very interesting, while/whereas that one is quite boring
Because/As/Since/Seeing that = Porque, puesto que, ya que
We should all go home because/as/since/seeing that it´s late
Because of/On account of/Owing to/ Due to = A causa de, debido a
We stayed at home because of/on account of/owing to/due to the weather.
In order to, so as to, to = Para, con la finalidad de
She uses her video in order to/so as to/to record her favourite shows
For example/for instance = por ejemplo
Vegetables are a good source of vitamins; for example/for instance,
pepper has vitamin C.
Such as = tal(es) como, como
Singers such as Michael Jacson and Madonna are popular throughout the
world.
Moreover, furthermore, besides, in addition = Además
I´m too busy to take a holiday. Moreover/Furthermore/Besides/In addition,
I don´t have the money.
In addition to/ As well as = Además de
In addition to classical music, she likes jazz.
The city has several main roads as well as a ring road aroung it.
Apart from, except (for) = Aparte de, excepto
Apart from English, she speaks three other foreign languages
He eats nothing except (for) bread and fish.
First of all/To begin with/First/ Firstly = Lo primero de todo, en
primer lugar.
First of all/To begin with/First/Firstly, we should talk to the manager.
Second/Secondly, Then = En segundo lugar, después
Second/Secondly/Then, we must make a detailed plan.
The next stage is = El siguiente paso es
The next stage is to view...
Finally/In short/To sum up/In conclusion/Lastly but not least =
Finalmente/En resumen/En conclusión/Por último/Último pero
no de menor importancia.
Finally/In short/To sum up/In conclusion/Lastly but not least, we
need to have good ideas before we present our plan to the whole
company.
Therefore/As a result /Consequently/For this reason= Por lo
tanto, Como resultado, Por consiguiente, Por esta razán.
Tina keeps her car in good condition. Therefore/As a result /
Consequently/For this reason, it always passes its annual road test.
Exercises
A. Rewrite the following sentences without changing the meaning of the original sentences. Use the words in brackets.
1. Owing to my illness, I cancelled my holiday. (because)
2. In my family, we all have long conversations on the phone. Consequently,our phone bills are high. (result)
3. Although the jacket was expensive, he bought it. ( in spite of)
4. My brother is very busy at work. My sister is on holiday. (whereas)
5. There is a shopping centre in this town and many small shops as well. (In addition)
6. Despite his age, he´s very active. (although)
7. Despite the doctor´s advice to stop smoking, she hasn´t stopped. (even though)
8. I took a cookery course in order to be able to make special dishes. (so that)
9. Contrary to me, my sister is an excellent swimmer. (whereas)
10. He drove through a red light and was given a ticket. (as a result)
11. There are many methods of communicating nowadays, for example, letters, faxes and E-mail. (such)
12. Everyone arrived at school on time with the exception of Jack. (for)




NOW SOME MORE EXERCISES WITH CONNECTORS...































6.-  FALSE FRIENDS

COMMON  FALSE FRIENDS

ENGLISH-SPANISH

SPANISH-ENGLISH

Actual: real, verdadero

Actually: en realidad
Advice: consejo
Argument: discusión
Carpet: alfombra, moqueta
Casualty: víctima, baja en combate
Conference: congreso
Constipation: estreñimiento
Diversion: desvío
Educated: culto
Embarrassed: avergonzado
Exciting: interesante, entretenido, emocionante.
Exit: salida
Flan: tarta de frutas
Gracious: afable, cortés
Idiom: modismo, dicho
Illusion: espejismo
Large: grande
Lecture: Conferencia
Library: biblioteca
Miserable: triste
Misery: tristeza
Motorist: conductor de coche
Notice: anuncio, letrero, aviso
Parcel: paquete
Parents: padres
Petrol: gasolina
Scholar: erudito, sabio, estudioso
Sensible: sensato
Stranger: forastero
Sympathetic: compasivo
Vicious: agresivo, feroz

Actual: present-day, modern

Actualmente: currently, at present
Aviso: warning
Argumento: plot, story
Carpeta: file, folder
Casualidad: chance, accident
Conferencia: lecture, talk
Constipado: cold
Diversión: fun
Educado: polite, well-mannered
Embarazada: pregnant
Excitante: stimulating
Éxito: success
Flan: caramel custard
Gracioso: funny
Idioma: language
Ilusión: hope, thrill
Largo: long
Lectura: reading
Librería: bookshop
Miserable: shameful
Miseria: poverty
Motorista: motorcyclist
Noticia: news item
Parcela: plot of land
Parientes: relatives
Petróleo: petroleum, crude oil
Escolar: schoolchild
Sensible: sensitive
Extranjero: foreigner
Simpático: nice, pleasant
Vicioso: dissolute person






7.- PAU WRITINGS. Useful guidelines.






Cómo escribir diferentes tipos de ensayo (composiciones) narrativo,persuasivo,descriptivo...






Cómo hacer una buena redacción. Algunos puntos básicos:







  • Una buena redacción tiene tres partes:
1. Introducción
- Puedes empezar con un párrafo como introducción en el cual hables de tu experiencia personal, presentando el tema que vas a tratar. Para comenzar puedes resumir algunos de los principales argumentos en contra de tu punto de vista: Some people argue that..., Many people think that..., It is said that...
2. Cuerpo
- Establece tu opinión personal de forma clara y muestra datos, cifras y ejemplos que apoyen tu punto de vista:According to..., Statistics show...
- En un nuevo párrafo, discute las ventajas según las ves. No olvides utilizar conectores. Para comparar o contrastar dos cosas utiliza: Both (of them), On the one hand, On the other hand, In spite of (the fact that), In comparison with, On the contrary
- En otro párrafo puedes hablar de las desventajas o inconvenientes.
- Las siguientes palabras y expresiones te pueden ser útiles para mostrar tu opinión: Personally, I think... Fortunately/unfortunately, Obviously, In my opinion, I believe , I agree/disagree (with/that), It seems to me, From my point of view, As far as I'm concerned, To be honest, I am in favour of, I am for, I am against, The way I see it.
3. Conclusión
- Finalmente, escribe una breve conclusión resumiendo lo que has dicho. Puedes decir si crees que hay más ventajas que inconvenientes. También puedes ofrecer una solución o advertir de las consecuencias si no se toman las medidas necesarias para hacer frente al problema. Para indicar la conclusión puedes utilizar: In conclusion, Finally, In summary, To sum up, In short, Therefore, Thus.
  • Para que las ideas estén conectadas de forma clara y lógica hay que:
- Repetir los nombres clave a lo largo de la redacción.
- Usar pronombres para referirse a los nombres clave.
- Escribir las oraciones siguiendo un orden lógico y utilizando conectores tales como: First, Second, Then, Later, Next, Since then, Finally.

- Los conectores son muy importantes para unir ideas: Moreover, Whereas, For instance, Furthermore, such as, Although, However, In contrast.(Ver listado anterior o visitar página
http://heptagrama.com/connectors-glossary.htm )

  • Es importante que expresemos nuestras ideas y argumentos correctamente. A continuación tienes un recordatorio de algunas reglas básicas a la hora de escribir:

  • Orden de los elementos de la oración en frases afirmativas y negativas. En inglés hay un orden establecido. Cada oración debe tener un sujeto y un verbo, aunque puede haber otras partes de la oración. El orden básico es:

Sujeto + verbo + c. indirecto + c. directo + c.c. modo + c.c. lugar + c.c. tiempo

I
solved
the problem
quickly
at home
yesterday
S
V
C.D.
C.C. modo
C.C. lugar
C.C. tiempo

  • Recuerda:

- Las expresiones de tiempo también pueden ir al principio de una oración.

- Los complementos indirecto y directo deben ir detrás del verbo.

- Los adverbios (de frecuencia y otros) van a menudo delante del verbo principal (pero detrás del verbo BE -am/is/are/was/were). Si hay dos o más verbo, normalmete van delante del segundo verbo.

I also like her but she is still living in an imaginary world that she has recently created.

- Cuando tenemos un complemento indirecto y otro directo, el indirecto se coloca a menudo delante del directo:

She
gave
him
a book
S
V
C.I.
C.D.

aunque también se puede decir:

She
gave
a book
to him
S
V
C.D.
C.I.

  • Orden de los elementos de la oración en preguntas: Hay tres posibles modelos:
1.-(Pronombre interrogativo complemento)+ Auxiliar DO/DOES/DID + Sujeto + INFINITIVO [+ complementos]
Do you live here? What did you see ? Why does she live here?
2.-- (Pronombre interrogativo complemento)+Verbo1+Sujeto+Verbo2 (+verbo3+verbo4)[+ complementos]
Where would you go? Why would she have to do it? Has your sister finished it?

3.-- Pronombre interrogativo (como sujeto) + verbo [+ complementos]

Who invited you to the party? = ¿Quién te invitó a la fiesta?
What happened then? : ¿Qué pasó entonces?

  • Orden de los elementos de la oración en preguntas indirectas: Las preguntas indirectas siguen el modelo de las oraciones afirmativas o negativas:
Subjeto + verbo
He asked me who she was.
He wanted to know where she lived

Consejos de una estudiante (quizás o parezcan útiles):


1.- Tipo de texto que nos piden ( narración, texto de opinión..etc).
2.- Tema a tratar ( para ello es importante estar al día de temas de actualidad,leer periodico, ver noticias...)
3.- Hacer un listado de vocabulario que conozcamos sobre el tema para incluirlo en la redacción.
4.- Hacer un listado de conectores ( esto da mucho prestigio al texto que escribamos. La puntuación sera por lo tanto mejor)
5.- Incluir diferentes tiempo verbales (sobre todo en narraciones)
6.- No complicarnos la vida con frases largas y complejas. Mejor :Sujeto+ verbo+ complementos ( Nota: podemos utilizar algún relativo pero sin abusar)
7.-Olvidarnos del Spanglish. Nos resulta muy fácil hacer traducciones literales de expresiones hechas y eso queda horrible. Es mejor aprenderse unos cuantos proverbios o frases hechas de las más utilizadas y olvidarse de lo anterior.
8.-Hacer un listado de expresiones adaptadas a nuestro nivel para demostrar a quien nos lo corrija que lo tenemos. Imagínate que estás en un nivel avanzado y por ejemplo solo escribes en presente simple, no utilizas conectores, ni frases gramaticales que has aprendido o que se corresponden con el nivel que dices que tienes pensarán que tienen un nivel muy elemental.
9.-Utilizar un vocabulario rico. Para ello son muy utiles los "diccionarios visuales" que agrupan el vacabulario por familias tipo: la salud, la natualeza, el cuerpo humano, la moda, la religión..etc..)
10- Tener en cuenta que el medio escrito es mucho más formal que el oral.

Consejos de otro alumno:


C) Composition
A este apartado se le concede un valor máximo de 4 puntos.
  • Se te ofertarán dos posibilidades o temas para redactar. Podrás escoger el que prefieras, pero no olvides indicarlo claramente.
  • Antes de empezar a escribir piensa cómo vas a estructurar la composición.
  • Trata de darle esta estructura: introducción, cuerpo, conclusión/es.
  • Analiza qué tipo de composición te piden que escribas: ¿se trata de dar argumentos a favor y/o en contra de una postura? = texto argumentativo, ¿se trata de contar (narrar) una experiencia personal? = texto narrativo, ¿se trata de una carta formal/informal?, etc.
  • Medita cuál va a ser la/s idea/s que quieres transmitir en tu composición.
  • Piensa qué estructuras vas a utilizar para transmitir por escrito tu/s idea/s.
  • Trata de utilizar un vocabulario rico, no te quedes en palabras "comodín" que "valen para todo" y expresan poco: 'nice', 'beautiful', 'big', 'a thing', 'an object', etc.
  • Puntúa adecuadamente. No abuses de las comas.
  • Huye de las oraciones excesivamente largas.
  • Enriquece tu composición con una gama variada de conectores que vayas graduando según la parte de la composición en que te encuentres: al principio: 'firstly', 'to begin with'; posteriormente: 'secondly', etc. Piensa si quieres contrastar ideas ('on the other hand', 'however', 'nevertheless', etc.), si quieres dar razones ('because', 'so', 'therefore'), añadir nuevas razones ('moreover', 'for instance', 'furthermore', 'besides', etc.), etc.)
  • Procura redactar "con mentalidad inglesa", es decir, debes tener muy claro lo que quieres decir, pero evitar "decirlo en español". Acude a tus conocimientos de inglés, aplica la teoría gramatical para expresarte en inglés. Plantéate, ¿cómo se expresa esta idea en inglés? (Escribe "ideas" no "palabras").
  • Antes de terminar, revisa lo que has escrito: ¿es clara mi forma de redactar?, ¿se entiende bien lo que deseo expresar?, ¿van los adjetivos calificativos en la posición adecuada?, ¿concuerdan los tiempos de los verbos en las oraciones compuestas? ¿hay concordancia entre el sujeto de la oración y el verbo? ¿he escrito las "s" de las terceras personas de singular del 'present simple'?, ¿están los elementos de la oración en posición adecuada? ¿he puesto los auxiliares en las interrogativas que lo requieran?, ¿he tenido cuidado con "los falsos amigos", etc.
Modelo composición en inglés


To begin with, I would like to say that is a controversial matter and it is very difficult to give just one point of view. In fact, if we asked people what they thougt about it we would find a lot of different ideas.
On the one hand, we can say that _______________________________________________________ has many adventages, for example: _____________________________________________________________________.
However, on the other hand, we can also find some disadvantages, such us: ______________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________.
From my point of view: ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________

CRITERIOS DE CORRECCIÓN COMPOSICIÓN PAU


2. Producción escrita

Elaboración de un texto libre de entre 130 y 150 palabras. 18

3. Consignas para la pregunta de producción escrita

La consigna para la pregunta de producción deberá cumplir los siguientes requisitos:

— Contextualizar debidamente la situación de producción (quién escribe, a quién, con qué

finalidad, etc.).

— Marcar la relación que la producción solicitada tiene con el texto presentado:

• Cambiar el tema y conservar la estructura o viceversa.

• Cambiar el punto de vista enunciativo (uno de los personajes cuenta el mismo episodio

desde su punto de vista).

• Cambiar el género del discurso (argumentación personal).

• Sobre el tema o sobre algún problema que presenta el texto.

4. Tipos de texto que pueden solicitarse y extensión del mismo

Se podrá pedir que los alumnos produzcan un texto de entre 130 y 150 palabras a elegir entre los

siguientes tipos:

— Narración.

— Descripción.

— Argumentación.
— Explicación.
5. Criterios para la elección de textos
Los textos que aparezcan en la prueba corresponderán a los listados bajo el epígrafe «géneros de
textos».
— Autenticidad. Se utilizarán textos originales o adaptados por los especialistas procedentes de
prensa u otras publicaciones. Por lo tanto, se podrán modificar aquellos elementos léxicos o
gramaticales que se consideren oportunos.
— Longitud. Se establece en la normativa un número de 250 palabras. Sin embargo, debido a la
dificultad de encontrar textos auténticos que se ciñan exactamente a ese número, se podrá utilizar
éste como referente procurando no sobrepasar esa cifra.
— Especificidad del tema. Los textos elegidos no deben tratar temas que requieran el empleo de un
léxico muy específico que haga difícil la comprensión a un alumnado que no esté familiarizado
con él. Así pues se descartarán temas específicos que pudieran tratarse en clase (científicos,
técnicos, etc.).
— Cerramiento del texto. Se procurará elegir textos completos, es decir, que aunque sean
fragmentos de secuencias más amplias presenten un principio y un final que permita una
comprensión independiente.
— Contextualización. El texto se presentará debidamente contextualizado con un título (si así se
presenta en el original) e indicando su procedencia y la fecha en caso de ser una información de
prensa.
— Formato. Se intentará respetar el formato del documento original cuando sea posible para que se
puedan utilizar las marcas tipográficas como recursos para la comprensión. 19
— Dificultad del léxico. La palabra o palabras que presenten dificultad para la comprensión del
texto serán traducidas o explicadas al pie de texto. Sin embargo, y por que se quiere potenciar la
utilización de estrategias de comprensión lectora, esta ayuda sólo se ofrecerá si no hay pistas en
el texto que faciliten la comprensión de las mismas.
6. Temas
Los temas que aparecen en este listado han sido seleccionados del temario siguiendo el criterio del
epígrafe «especificidad del tema». Los textos elegidos para la prueba podrán tratar de los siguientes
temas:
— Medio ambiente o ecología.
— Salud o alimentación.
— Consumo.
— Medios de comunicación.
— Aspectos de la vida juvenil.
• Ocio, entretenimiento (modas, música, etc.).
• Estudios, problemas, perspectivas de trabajo.
• Participación social.
— Conmemoraciones o acontecimientos de repercusión mundial (Juegos Olímpicos, etc.).
— Vidas, anécdotas, etc., de personajes conocidos.
— Viajes y comunicaciones.
— Deportes.
— Hábitat.
— Trabajo/organización social.
— Papel del hombre y de la mujer en la sociedad.
— Conflicto y cambio.
— Tecnologías de la información y de las comunicaciones,

Parte B. Producción escrita. Valor total de este apartado 4 puntos.
En esta parte se podrá pedir que los alumnos produzcan un texto de 130-150 palabras.
En este apartado se ha de valorar la capacidad de comunicación del alumno en un inglés aceptable al expresar
su opinión e ideas sobre aspectos relacionados con el texto propuesto. Habrá que valorar cuanto de positivo
haya podido llevar a cabo el alumno y no fijarse únicamente en los errores gramaticales. Sería fundamental
considerar los siguientes aspectos:
1.- Aspectos de carácter estratégico: con un máximo de 0,5 puntos.
2.- Corrección gramatical: con un máximo de 1,5 puntos.
3.- Claridad de expresión y organización textual: con un máximo de 1 punto.
4.- Variedad, riqueza y precisión léxica: con un máximo de 1 punto.
ORIENTACIONES PARA CORRECCIÓN DE LOS ASPECTOS ANTERIORES
1.- Aspectos de carácter estratégico:
- Presentación clara y ordenada (márgenes, sangrados etc.)
- Ortografía correcta.
- Texto distribuido en párrafos.
- Uso correcto de signos de puntuación.
- Letra clara y comprensible.
- Escrito en tinta.
- …
2.- Corrección gramatical:
- Orden correcto de los elementos frásticos (SVO…)
- Concordancias correctas (S-V, Pronombres referentes…)
- Formas pronominales correctas 22
- Cuantificadores correctos
- Estructuración negativa correcta
- Tiempos y secuencias verbales adecuados y correctos
- Partículas temporales adecuadas (FOR, SINCE, AGO, ALREADY)
- Uso adecuado de artículos (genéricos, específicos…)
- Uso correcto del posesivo
- Conocimiento de los plurales irregulares
- Uso correcto de modales y defectivos
- Invariabilidad de los adjetivos (género y número)
- Uso correcto de las preposiciones
- …
3.- Claridad de expresión y organización textual:
- Secuenciación y organización del texto clara y lógica
- No hay excesivas repeticiones
- No es un texto confuso y oscuro
- Uso adecuado de conectores para las diferentes ideas
- Aproximación al tema coherente y original.
- Estructuración de las ideas en párrafos.
- …
4.- Variedad, riqueza y precisión léxica:
- No se usan palabras en español ni inexistentes
- Elección de términos específicos y concretos para ese texto
- No existe confusión entre elementos léxicos básicos
- No hay confusión entre categorías gramaticales.
- No existe un abuso desmesurado de expresiones idiomáticas.



 

 

Selectividad


 http://www.cece.gva.es/univ/val/prueba_acceso.htm

 http://www.cece.gva.es/univ/val/Guia_estudios_sept_2012.htm

 http://www.cece.gva.es/univ/val/Guia_estudios_junio_2012.htm

 http://sa.ua.es/va/selectividad/examenes-proposats-prova-actual.html

 http://www.clasesdeapoyo.com/selectividad/Ingl%C3%A9s

http://redaccioneseningles-pau-andalucia.blogspot.com.es/1995/06/indice-de-examenes-resueltos.html

 http://takethepen.files.wordpress.com/2012/03/make-room-for-robots.pdf

 http://www.isabelperez.com/select.htm

 http://pre.universia.es/acceso-universidad/pruebas-acceso/prueba-acceso-bachillerato-selectividad/modelos-examenes/

 http://www.english-area.com/paginas/selectividad.htm


Notas de corte

 http://www.notesdetall.com/










8.-  A lot of links to interesting websites

http://multingles.net/accion.htm
 
http://www.englishpractice.com/

 http://www.englishforeveryone.org/


OTHER USEFUL WEBSITES TO LEARN ENGLSH/

 LISTA DE PÁGINAS PARA APRENDER INGLÉS:

http://www.agendaweb.org/
http://www.englishexercises.org/
http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/modalsum.html
http://perso.wanadoo.es/autoenglish/freeexercises.htm#TENSES
http://www.uhu.es/antonia.dominguez/curso_ictinelt/ict/english_exercises_online.htm
http://mural.uv.es/diezan/recursos.htm
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/esl/
http://www.eslgold.com/
http://www.nonstopenglish.com/ (TODOS LOS NIVELES)
http://esl.about.com/cs/onlinecourses/a/a_ecourses.htm
http://www.mansioningles.com/
http://a4esl.org/ (Grammar & quizzes)
http://www.englishpage.com/ (TODOS LOS NIVELES)
http://www.ego4u.com/ (TODOS LOS NIVELES)
http://perso.wanadoo.es/claudiaines/efb/bcn-onlineexercises-int-1.htm
http://www.isabelperez.com/ NIVELES ESO
http://www.churchillhouse.com/english/learners.html
http://www.churchillhouse.com/english/exercises/phrasals/ phrasal
http://www.google.es/search?hl=es&q=english+exercise+on+line&
btnG=Buscar+con+Google&meta= TODOS NIVELES
http://www.smic.be/smic5022/ TODOS LOS NIVELES
http://www.world-english.org/
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/ intermediate level
http://www.uhu.es/antonia.dominguez/curso_ictinelt/ict/english_exercises_online.htm
http://www.tookaa.com/irregular/verbs.htm
http://www.quia.com/cb/8111.html
http://www.lapasserelle.com/lm/pagespeciales/irregularverbs/hang.irregular/hang.irr.vbs1.html
http://www.abaenglish.com/juegos-ingles.html
http://www.cnice.mec.es/jovenes/ingles/
http://www.learnenglish.org.uk/
REPHRASING
http://www.xtec.es/~ogodoy/sac/rephrasing/rephrexercises.htm
http://users.servicios.retecal.es/sgarci18/Ingles/Ejercicios/exercises.html
http://www.eslprintables.com/printable.asp?id=14310
http://www.eoisantander.org/alfonsohinojosa/curso4/portadas/rephrasing4.html
http://perso.orange.es/alfonso_h07/curso5/portadas/rephrasing5.html
http://www.xtec.es/~ogodoy/sac/rephrasing/rephrasing.htm



GAMES & QUIZZES
http://www.manythings.org/
http://iteslj.org/links/ESL/Quizzes/
http://www.mansioningles.com/Recursos.htm
http://www.teflgames.com/gkq.html
http://a4esl.org/q/h/vocabulary.html
http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Delphi/1979/games.html
http://www.teflgames.com/
http://www.nonstopenglish.com/wordgames/
PRONUNCIACIÓN Y PERIÓDICOS
http://www.fonetiks.org/
http://www.howjsay.com/
http://www.eoilangreo.net/recursos/ingles.htm
http://www.ukstudentlife.com/English/Reading/Newspapers.htm

RECURSOS PROFES

http://www.supercable.es/~lallena/recursosprof.htm
http://www.aspira.org/english.htm
http://www.csun.edu/~hcedu013/eslplans.html
http://www.esl-galaxy.com/


FREE ONLINE BOOKS
http://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/Main_Page

EXERCISES ON/EJERCICIOS SOBRE


TENSES /TIEMPOS VERBALES

http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbtenseintro.html
http://www.nonstopenglish.com/allexercises/Grammar/Grammar-tenses.asp
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises_list/zeitformen.htm
http://www.englishtenseswithcartoons.com/page/exercises


VOCABULARY

http://perso.wanadoo.es/claudiaines/efb/bcn-onlineexercises-int-1.htm#Vocabulary
http://esl.about.com/library/vocabulary/bl1000_list1.htm
http://a4esl.org/q/h/vocabulary.html
http://www.eslgold.com/vocabulary.html
http://www.tlsbooks.com/englishworksheets.htm KIDS

http://www.esl-galaxy.com/vocabularysheets.html

http://www.englishexercises.org/



4 SKILLS  (READING,LISTENING,SPEAKING & WRITING)


http://www.eslfast.com/

http://www.manythings.org/e/reading.html

http://www.rong-chang.com/reading.htm

http://home.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/flare/EnglishStudySite2005.html

http://esl.about.com/

http://www.english-for-students.com/

http://www.learnenglish.de/

http://www.italiainghilterra.org/study-zone-eng.html

http://www.agendaweb.org/

http://www.britishcouncil.org/learnenglish.htm

http://www.esl-classroom.com/

http://www.learnenglishfeelgood.com/esl-printables-worksheets.html

READING COMPREHENSION ALL LEVELS (KEY INCLUDED)
http://www.englishforeveryone.org/Topics/Reading%20Comprehension.htm
http://www.teach-nology.com/worksheets/language_arts/reading_comp/
http://www.rhlschool.com/reading.htm 
http://www.miguelmllop.com/practice/intermediate/readingcomprehension/readingcompindex.htm


http://www.englishclub.com/reading/index.htm   (Advanced)
http://iteslj.org/links/ESL/Reading/

NOTICIAS EN INGLÉS POR NIVELES

http://www.newsinlevels.com/ 




ON-LINE DICITIONARIES




http://www.onelook.com/


http://dictionary.cambridge.org/


http://www.merriam-webster.com/


http://www.thefreedictionary.com/

4.- B PREPOSITIONS
 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepositions

 LIST OF PREPOSITIONS + EXERCISES (intermediate)
 http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar_list/prepositions.htm (intermediate) http://www.englishforjapanese.com/exercises/prepositions/01%20preps.html (elementary/intermediate&advanced level)
 http://www.englishpage.com/prepositions/prepositions.html PREPOSITIONS & PHRASAL VERBS (very good upper intermediate-advanced)
 http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/prepositions-list.htm List of prepositions http://www.towson.edu/ows/prepositions.htm
 http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/594/01/ Prepositions explained (lower intermediate) http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises_list/prepositions.htm
 http://www.autoenglish.org/prepositions.htm
Exercises on prepositions
http://www.autoenglish.org/mistakes/mis-preps.pdf
Typical proposition mistakes

PREPOSITIONS Answers at http://www.englishexercises.org/exercise.asp?id=5309#a

 1. My birthday is _______ December 25.
 1. The course starts _______ January 30.
 2. The milk is _______ the glass.
2. We’ll send Easter cards _____ our friends.
3. The mother is yelling _______ her son.
3. Stop making faces _______ me.
4. My father works _______ a factory.
4. Are you going _______ the party tonight?
5. The teacher is talking _______ the students.
5. Dany is mad _______ his brother.
6. She’s going _______ the store to buy milk.
6. She lives _______ 22 Main Street.
7. Claude is making faces _______ Massa.
7. Will you please turn _______ the radio?
 8. My friend’s birthday is _______ Tuesday.
8. Diane's birthday is _______ April.
9. She is yelling _______ her daughter.
9. I live _______ Montreal.
10. She is better _______ French.
10. Kathy drives _______ work everyday.
11. The post office is_______ Cathart Street.
 11. Martine stood _______ the blackboard.
12. I saw her _______ church yesterday.
12. I always go ____ church __ Sunday.
13. Nathalie is laughing _______ her brother.
13. My brother lives _______ Montréal.
14. Suzanne works _______ the bank.
 14. He arrived _______ 3 :00
 15. Summer starts _______ June.
 15. She comes _______ school by bus.
16. I’m going the movies _______ 8 :00
16. Can you be _______ time tomorrow?
17. We listen _______ music.
17. Tell him to come _______ 4 :00
18. They smiled _______ the cute kittens.
 18. We have no school _______ Friday.
19. Isabelle is interested _______ leaning English.
19. I’ll go home _______ the afternoom.
20. We saw our father ___ television last night 
20. She’s talking ___ her mom __ the phone.

 IN – ON - AT Fill in the blanks with In, On, At.

1. Nancy lives _______ Toronto.
1. Please turn _______ the radio.
2. The train arrived _______ Montreal at 10 :00
2. We moved to Beloeil _______ July 1.
3. Kathy lives _______ 2 Queen Boulevard.
3. I put sugar and milk _______ my coffee.
4. We arrived in class _______ time.
4. Mom! Lisa is _______ the phone again!
5. Are you interested _______ sports?
5. Labor Day is _______ September.
6. The bookstore is _______ Elgin Street.
6. Supper will be ready _______ a few minutes.
7. Will you go _______ vacation this summer?
7. The All-Star Game will be _______ July 28.
8. I prefer to study _______ the morning.
8. Ann and Norm got married _______ 1993.
9. Will you participate _______ the tournament?
9. Isabelle is _______ school.
10. My birthday is _______ January.
10. The meeting is _______ the afternoon.
11. Adults don’t believe _______ Santa Claus.
 11. This program is taped _____ New York City.
12. Chantal's office is _______ Arten Street.
12. Valentine’s Day is _______ February.
13. He graduated _______ 1993. 13. School starts _______ three weeks.
14. His birthday is _______ April 4.
14. I’m cold so I’ll put _______ a sweater.
 15. She’s sitting _______ my office.
15. Put your plate _______ the dishwasher.
16. My keys are _______ my purse.
16. She always calls me early _______ the morning.
17. My parents will return _______ 2 days.
17. The movie will start _______ five minutes.
18. Look! Suzanne is _______ TV.
 18. She lives _______ Crescent Avenue.
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